849 research outputs found
A scoping review of research on well-being across diverse family structures: Rethinking approaches for understanding contemporary families
In the United States and across the globe, demographic trends have coalesced to produce an increasingly diverse set of family structures, fueling international interest in exploring diverse family structures as key developmental contexts for adults and children. Given the persistence of research focused on well-being differences across family structures, and in order to move this research into the future productively, it is critical to rigorously chart and evaluate how this research is being conducted. In this scoping review, we evaluate 283 studies that examined associations between family structure and well-being. We reflect on dominant methodological trends across four primary domains: (a) approaches to measuring family structure, (b) approaches to analyzing associations between family structure and well-being, (c) the application of theory, and (d) conceptualizations of well-being. In evaluating observable trends, we offer recommendations for rethinking where we can (and perhaps should) go next to better understand and support contemporary families
Toward More Accurate Measures of Family Structure: Accounting for Sibling Complexity
In this article, we argue that accounting for sibling complexity is a necessary step toward more accurate assessments of family structure. First, we argue that current conceptualizations of family structure are rooted in (and reinforce) Eurocentric definitions of family, and we highlight contradictions between family theory and measurements of family structure. Second, we discuss the prevalence of diverse sibling compositions in families and show the informative value of accounting for sibling complexity. Third, we explore the barriers to accounting for sibling structure by evaluating the extent to which complex sibling compositions are captured in publicly available secondary datasets recently used to study families. Finally, we consider both theoretical and methodological implications of failing to account for sibling complexity in family research and offer recommendations for future data collection efforts
Critical velocity for superfluid flow across the BEC-BCS crossover
Critical velocities have been observed in an ultracold superfluid Fermi gas
throughout the BEC-BCS crossover. A pronounced peak of the critical velocity at
unitarity demonstrates that superfluidity is most robust for resonant atomic
interactions. Critical velocities were determined from the abrupt onset of
dissipation when the velocity of a moving one dimensional optical lattice was
varied. The dependence of the critical velocity on lattice depth and on the
inhomogeneous density profile was studied
Quantum reflection of atoms from a solid surface at normal incidence
We observed quantum reflection of ultracold atoms from the attractive
potential of a solid surface. Extremely dilute Bose-Einstein condensates of
^{23}Na, with peak density 10^{11}-10^{12}atoms/cm^3, confined in a weak
gravito-magnetic trap were normally incident on a silicon surface. Reflection
probabilities of up to 20 % were observed for incident velocities of 1-8 mm/s.
The velocity dependence agrees qualitatively with the prediction for quantum
reflection from the attractive Casimir-Polder potential. Atoms confined in a
harmonic trap divided in half by a solid surface exhibited extended lifetime
due to quantum reflection from the surface, implying a reflection probability
above 50 %.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (December 2004)5 pages, 4 figure
Kirsten Flagstad Discography
Kirsten Flagstad, the leading Wagnerian soprano of her generation,
left a legacy of more than 900 recordings. In a recording career that
spanned 46 years, she recorded for the Scandinavian branches of Odeon,
His Master's Voice (HMV), and Columbia, and made records for the international
market on the HMV, RCA Victor, and Decca (London Records in the
U.S.A.) labels. In addition, recordings exist of many of her frequent
broadcast appearances with the Metropolitan, San Francisco, Chicago, and
Covent Garden Operas, as welI as from such then-popular variety programs
as the Ford Sunday Evening Hour, General Motors Hour, RCA Magic Key, and
Kraft Music HalI.
Company files, record catalogues, and correspondence with private
collectors, some of them Flagstad's friends, were used to assemble the
information. By such means it was possible in most cases to determine
matrix numbers, recording dates, and issue numbers of 78s, LPs, and noncommercial
records. A Iist of known interviews and other recordings of
her speaking voice is included, as is a list of alI known broadcasts,
whether or not a recording of them is known to exist.
Although best known as a singer of Wagner's operas, Flagstad's
repertoire on records reflects wide-ranging versatility. Besides Wagner,
she recorded operas by Beethoven, Gluck, and PurcelI; her concert and
recital repertoire Includes Bach, Bax, Delius, Elgar, Grieg, Rossini, Schubert, Schumann, Sibelius, Strauss, and Wolf. She also performed the
music of many lesser-known composers, especially Norwegians, and recorded
some 46 hymns with organ. Her records document the career of one of the
twentieth century's leading singers and prevailing performance practice
in a large segment of the standard repertoire
High-fidelity imaging of a band insulator in a three-dimensional optical lattice clock
We report on the observation of a high-density, band insulating state in a
three-dimensional optical lattice clock. Filled with a nuclear-spin polarized
degenerate Fermi gas of 87Sr, the 3D lattice has one atom per site in the
ground motional state, thus guarding against frequency shifts due to contact
interactions. At this high density where the average distance between atoms is
comparable to the probe wavelength, standard imaging techniques suffer from
large systematic errors. To spatially probe frequency shifts in the clock and
measure thermodynamic properties of this system, accurate imaging techniques at
high optical depths are required. Using a combination of highly saturated
fluorescence and absorption imaging, we confirm the density distribution in our
3D optical lattice in agreement with a single spin band insulating state.
Combining our clock platform with this high filling fraction opens the door to
studying new classes of long-lived, many-body states arising from dipolar
interactions.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Dynamical Instability of a Doubly Quantized Vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Doubly quantized vortices were topologically imprinted in Na
condensates, and their time evolution was observed using a tomographic imaging
technique. The decay into two singly quantized vortices was characterized and
attributed to dynamical instability. The time scale of the splitting process
was found to be longer at higher atom density.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Psychological Safety and Norm Clarity in Software Engineering Teams
In the software engineering industry today, companies primarily conduct their
work in teams. To increase organizational productivity, it is thus crucial to
know the factors that affect team effectiveness. Two team-related concepts that
have gained prominence lately are psychological safety and team norms. Still,
few studies exist that explore these in a software engineering context.
Therefore, with the aim of extending the knowledge of these concepts, we
examined if psychological safety and team norm clarity associate positively
with software developers' self-assessed team performance and job satisfaction,
two important elements of effectiveness.
We collected industry survey data from practitioners (N = 217) in 38
development teams working for five different organizations. The result of
multiple linear regression analyses indicates that both psychological safety
and team norm clarity predict team members' self-assessed performance and job
satisfaction. The findings also suggest that clarity of norms is a stronger
(30\% and 71\% stronger, respectively) predictor than psychological safety.
This research highlights the need to examine, in more detail, the
relationship between social norms and software development. The findings of
this study could serve as an empirical baseline for such, future work.Comment: Submitted to CHASE'201
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